Sir Henry Cole’s list of achievements is long and varied — the first director of the V&A, he helped establish the Great Exhibition, reformed the postal service, introduced Christmas cards and was hugely influential at the then Society of Arts.
So it is only right that ‘King Cole’ is commemorated by a blue plaque where he lived and worked in London’s South Kensington.
It is fair to say that Cole would have approved, as he played a large part in the creation of the blue plaque initiative. Writing a letter to the Journal of the Society of Arts in July 1863, the former chairman of the Council of the Society of Arts highlighted a parliamentary debate proposing the introduction of commemorative plaques on buildings in London.
Cole believed that the Society should lead the way. He wrote: “It seems to me a proper subject for the Society of Arts to consider. The object in view is of public interest, and refers especially to celebrities in arts, science, manufactures, commerce and literature.”
A committee of the Society was later formed, including Cole, to take the initiative forward. It discussed who should be recognised, the design of the plaques (or ‘memorial tablets’) and the inscription.
There are now around 1,000 blue plaques in London, with plans to expand the scheme across England
The first plaque was erected in 1867 at Lord Byron’s birthplace in Holles Street. Plaques for Napoleon, Benjamin Franklin and Sir Joshua Reynolds soon followed. Blue was the chosen colour for the earliest plaques, but this proved expensive to produce and so a chocolate brown background was adopted.
The Society erected 36 plaques and then, in 1901, transferred responsibility to the London County Council — with blue ceramic plaques becoming standard from 1921. Responsibility for the scheme subsequently passed to the Greater London Council in 1965 and then to English Heritage in 1986.
There are now around 1,000 blue plaques in London, with plans to expand the scheme across England. It’s another example of the RSA, or its predecessor bodies, developing an idea and bringing it successfully to fruition.
Mike Thatcher is Editorial Manager at the RSA.
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